The Ultimate Guide to Death Valley National Park

Not far away from Death Valley National Park is a sobering piece of American History that is often forgotten. In 1942, after Pearl Harbor, the US government ordered the relocation and detainment of 110,000 Japanese Americans, most were native-born citizens, and the rest were prevented from obtaining citizenship by law, in internment camps such as Manzanar National Historic Site. Men, women, and children were forced from their homes into poorly-built barracks in the Death Valley desert, where they were subjected to the extreme heat and cold, crammed into small "apartments" inside the buildings with no privacy. The camp was roped off by barbed wire, and they were forbidden to leave. Rations were kept tight, and they were put to work for meager pay. As a result, Manzanar saw protests by the Japanese-Americans, some of which even turned deadly.

Despite the incredibly unjust conditions at Manzanar and other camps, those inside bonded together to start sports leagues, plant gardens, start a newspaper, raise hogs and chickens, make their own tofu, and more. There's a touching memorial at the cemetery, which is often draped in strings of origami. Bring along something to leave at the memorial for yourself, and make sure to spend time hearing the stories of those who were imprisoned here at the visitor center.

Imagine walking through a field of sand dunes in an arid landscape, and experiencing an almost-unbelievable phenomenon: singing sand. Alright, maybe it's more like a boom or a squeak or a dull roar, depending on the conditions, but in some places in the desert, sand can actually emit a 450 hertz frequency that can actually be quite loud, and sometimes even physically felt. The best place to hear singing sand in Death Valley National Park is at Eureka Dunes. The dunes are only 3 miles long and 1 mile wide, but they're the tallest in California (and maybe the entire country), reaching up to 680 feet tall. They're located in a remote basin in the north end of the park. If you climb to the top of them and shuffle your way down, you can hear the distinctive sound: the National Park Service describes it as sounding like "the bass note of a pipe organ or the distant drone of an airplane."

Then visit Racetrack Playa and witness the mysterious Sailing Stones. The rocks at the Racetrack Playa in Death Valley move all on their own. Scientists know that for sure, you can even see the trails they leave behind. What remains a mystery is exactly how the stones do it, the more imaginative explanations involve aliens, while others theorize that magnets might somehow be involved. Current studies point to a phenomena that has ice floes forming around the rocks at night under specific conditions, which helps them slide along the desert floor as the wind pushes them. But, when it's all said and done, no one has actually seen the rocks move on their own. Oh, and if you do visit, don't steal the Sailing Stones (which researchers have named things like "Karen" and "Nancy")...it's illegal, and it hinders important research!

Scotty's Castle doesn't look like it belongs in the desert wasteland of Death Valley, and begs the question why would anyone build a castle in the middle of nowhere? It was built in the 1920's by a wealthy businessman named Albert Johnson for his friend Scotty, who Johnson met when Scotty conned him into backing a fake mining company. Scotty was something of a legend in his day, starting off life as a performer in Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West show, and his high-profile arrest and ensuing trial garnered some attention. The castle today has been meticulously preserved, so if you want a break from the dusty Western ghost town thing, stop by for a taste of the Roaring 1920s!

Dow Villa Motel is a 1950's-era motor lodge that may have retro vibes, but they also have modern amenities, too (like free wifi). The rooms are nothing fancy, but they're clean and spacious, and there's a seasonal pool, a hot tub, and free coffee next door. What more do you need?

Blink and you might miss the unassuming Ranch House Cafe, but if you're in need of a solid meal, stop off here. Hot coffee, ice-cold water, and a menu of classic diner staples (try the Indian fry bread, if you're in the mood for something a little more unique) make Ranch House Cafe worth the trip.

If you're in need of a filling breakfast or lunch, then make your way to Alabama Hills Cafe. Huge portions of fresh-made grub (burgers, giant sandwiches, skilled, omelettes, and the like), along with homemade pie and bread are all worth ordering, and are usually enough to feed two starving customers.

Whether you're looking for a hotel, or a campsite, or a place to park your RV, or you just want to cool off for a bit, Stovepipe Wells Village is probably your best bet. They've got a gift shop, a saloon, a restaurant, and (HALLELUJAH!) a pool.

Mesquite Flat Sand Dunes are the easiest dunes in the park to access, and they're the only ones that allow sandboarding! While shorter than the Eureka Dunes, they're broader, covering more area, and the region's mesquite trees have anchored the sand into place.

The vast desert of Death Valley may not be good for growing anything, or even sustaining life at all, but there was something valuable to be found in the arid plains: borax. It's not quite as epic as gold, but this useful mineral (found in detergents, cosmetics, enamel and more) was discovered in the area in the early 1880's, and a few hubs of borax mining popped up, like Harmony Borax Works. Of course, they weren't long for this world. The extreme temperatures weren't prime for the borax to crystallize, and most closed within 10 years. You can still visit the ruins, though!

The Furnace Creek Inn is a gorgeous oasis just a short drive from the park. It boasts the world's lowest golf course at 214 feet below sea level (which, when you think abut keeping the grass alive, is super impressive), a cocktail lounge, a spa, and tons more.

Ballarat is a strange little ghost town with hippie-ish vibes that makes it well worth a visit. A former mining town established in 1897, it peaked and was on the decline by 1917. Ballarat's most notable moments happened after it was already a ghost town, though. In the 1960's, the notorious Manson Family moved onto a ranch nearby and left some graffiti in town, and parts of the movie "Easy Rider" were filmed here as well.

Zabriskie Point isn’t your average mountain range. Hundreds of years of erosion have turned it into crazy, rippled formations. It was a filming location for "Kill Bill: Vol. 2" and the perfect spot for an epic photo op.

The Devil’s Golf Course got its name when a 1934 National Park Services guidebook declared that “only the devil could play golf" on the salt flat, which features some rough terrain from halite salt crystal formations

Badwater Basin is known for 3 things: first, there’s a spring-fed pool of water (which is undrinkable, and therefore bad, hence the name). Second, there are salt flats, which cover 200 miles. They’re the largest protected salt flats in the world, and they have a funky, hexagonal honeycomb shape. Lastly, Badwater Basin is the lowest point (i.e. below sea level) in North America.

Artist's Drive and Palette is a gorgeous rock outcropping that gets its crazy colors from volcanic debris, cemented gravel, and deposits of other material (although imagining that it’s a literal paint palate is more fun). You can reach it by hiking or, if you’re so inclined, by car.